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Technical Aspect - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 2959 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/09/16 Category Technology Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? TECHNICAL ASPECT In the technical aspect it identifies whether the services rendered could be the highest possible quality level with minimum cost. In this aspect we will discuss the equipment and other computer application we use in the business. We purchase the equipment as packages in order to lessen our expenses. Hardware and Software is our much focus aspects. We did researching on how much the Hardware and Software will cost us, through net surfing. The internet connection we used is a package plan PLDT DSL with telefax phone amounting to P2,799. 0 with the capacity of 10 computers and have a speed of 2 Mbps (megabytes per second). In hardware aspect, our target number of PC is 10 (monitor-flat screen, keyboard, mouse, webcam), 3 in 1Printer, Scanner Photocopier. In Software, we will be installing original Operating System of Windows 7 as the latest operating system and MS Office Professional 2007 likes MS Word, Excel, Power point, Access, Desktop Publishing and instal ling the popular on line games such World of warcraft , CounterStrike, Battle Realms, Dance Audition, Auto Jam, and we will be installing Norton 360 version 3. premium for our anti-virus and anti-spyware. We offer other service to customers likes printing in black and white and colored prints, DVD/CD burning, photocopying. telefax, scanning and payphone. List of Hardware Brand name Amount Package PC’s intel athlonPhp. 17,500. 00 3 in 1 PSC HP Officejet 2610 Print/Scan/Copy Php. 14,500. 00 Computer application software Amount OS MS Office 2007 Php. 19,200. 00 Game software: Warcraft (dota) Php. 1,450. 00 Counterstrikes Php. 350. 00 Battle Realms Php. 720. 00 Dance Audition Php. 1,968. 00 Autojam Php. 1,968. 00 Anti-virus and anti spy ware Php. 10,800. 00 MANPOWER Manpower requirements are very important to any business in order for them to have an intelligent and accurate people who will manipulate inside the firm. Requirements will serve as basis on personal and general ba ckground of an employee enable for the company to know the capacity of their skills and ability to do the work that is assign to them. Business owner will be in charge in human resource. The personnel of the Internet cafe will be the industrial partner who works by shift, 8 hours a day, the first shift is from 7:00 am to 3:00 pm while the second shift is from 2:00 pm to 10:00 pm and the 3rd shift will be 10:00 pm to 7:00 am. A walk in technician will be called in case if computer malfunctions and he will visit then the shop/cafe twice a month. Walking Technician P 1,000. 00/visit twice a month ESTIMATED ANNUAL COST FOR MANPOWER For Walking Technician P24, 000. 00/year (2000*12) Additional budget allocation for computer troubleshooting Php. 500 (500*12) (Just incase our technician is not available. ) MANAGER Ms. Ma. Normita Cava Ms. Jacquelyn B. Santos ACCOUNTANT Ms. Evelyn Macabodbod CASHIER/COMPUTER ASSISTANT Ms. Angelica Aquino Ms. Katherine Trinidad I. T. Mr. Tomy Alejandro OP ERATION OF A BUSINESS Factors that we consider while putting up our own Internet cafe o Location- Picking a good spot and we’ll hit us a gold mine. o Competition- Most business-minded people think of competition as a race to charge the lowest prices in order to win customers. While it’s good for the customers, exceeding the lower boundaries can drive you and your competitors to bankruptcy. One cannot expect to recover a Php500, 000 investments if hourly rentals go down to as low as Php10. It goes without saying that in this industry, there are no customer loyalty; just cheaper rentals. Software Licensing-it’s really important to have an original operating system, because pirated OS can eventually damage the system. o Expected ROI- investing money in a business is a risk in our case the well tabulated if financial statement is our major concern. Cafe opens at 7:00 am until 10:00 pm. Ahead of other competitors, this will lead us of being known. Our goal is to g ive the needs of the students and others in an early manner of time. It will also include the completion all legal requirements before the operation of business. In operational procedure we keep in minds all the legal aspects of establishing a business such as Business permit the following requirements are: LEGAL REQUIREMENTS Registration with BIR (Bureau of Internal Revenue) Registration of business name with DTI ( Department of Trade and Industry) Barangay Clearance and Business Permit Mayors Permit BARANGAY CLEARANCE The proposal business will secure Barangay permit that is our responsibilities. It would make the immediate community to be aware of the business that would give satisfaction and promote community involvement. REGISTRATION OF NAME WITH DTI JOB FUNCTIONS POSITION FUNCTION MANAGER Establishes store policies and procedure for strict implementation Execute final decisions on all matters pertaining to the operation and the management functions of the business Au dit individual computers to check for proper system Visit the shop alternate everyday ACCOUNTANT Check the book of accounts and financial statement in daily basis Handles license renewals,facilities preparation and payment of annual tax generated by the business. Visit the shop every other day. COMPUTER ASSISTANT / CASHIER Accept payment Maintains inventory of supplies in the shop To assist customers in their needs Maintain cleanliness and orderliness. Help conserve Utilities consumption Logging the customers hours consumed I. T. Incharge in computer maintenance * I. T. Expert Provide information and/ or technical aspect 12 [pic]OPERATION OF A BUSINESS Factors that we consider while putting up our own Internet cafe o Location- Picking a good spot and we’ll hit us a gold mine. o Competition- Most business-minded people think of competition as a race to charge the lowest prices in order to win customers. While it’s good for the customers, exceeding the lower b oundaries can drive you and your competitors to bankruptcy. One cannot expect to recover a Php500, 000 investments if hourly rentals go down to as low as Php10. It goes without saying that in this industry, there are no customer loyalty; just cheaper rentals. o Software Licensing-it’s really important to have an original operating system, because pirated OS can eventually damage the system. o Expected ROI- investing money in a business is a risk in our case the well tabulated if financial statement is our major concern. Cafe opens at 7:00 am until 10:00 pm. Ahead of other competitors, this will lead us of being known. Our goal is to give the needs of the students and others in an early manner of time. It will also include the completion all legal requirements before the operation of business. In operational procedure we keep in minds all the legal aspects of establishing a business such as Business permit the following requirements are: LEGAL REQUIREMENTS o Registratio n with BIR (Bureau of Internal Revenue) o Registration of business name with DTI ( Department of Trade and Industry) o Barangay Clearance and Business Permit o Mayors Permit BARANGAY CLEARANCE The proposal business will secure Barangay permit that is our responsibilities. It would make the immediate community to be aware of the business that would give satisfaction and promote community involvement. REGISTRATION OF NAME WITH DTI 13 [pic]The proposed business should be registered with DTI to assure that any organization of individual for their business proposal for future use would not copy the name of our business. It acquires 15 days period of processing before the name of the business registered certificate can be issued by the said government agency. BUSINESS/MAYOR’S PERMIT Business Permit must be applied with the licensing office at the Municipal Hall of the said locality. It would be based on the reported business entity to be put up; we secured barangay clearance as a requirement for an application. Bureau of Internal Revenue The proposed business should register with BIR and secured TIN (Tax Identification Number) which will be used as simplifying the record control producers relating to taxation and securing VAT (Value Added Tax) MAYOR’S PERMIT Mayor’s permit must acquired before the operation of the business Steps in processing permits STEP 1 1. Business Name Registration Certificate Validity: 5 years Requirements: o Accomplished Business Name Registration Form [Single Proprietorship/Partnership] o Tax Identification Number (TIN) o Registration fee of P 300. 00 STEP 2 Mayor’s / Business Permit Local Municipality where the business is located Validity: 1 year Requirements: 14 [pic][pic] o Accomplished Business Permit Application Form o DTI-Business Name Certificate o Sketch of he business location o Barangay Clearance o Lease Contract STEP 3 o Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) National Office STEP 4 Securities and Ex change Commission (SEC) Certificate Requirements: o Verification Slip Form (re: proposed name) o Accomplished Registration Data Sheet LEGAL REQUIREMENTS COST Barangay Clearance 150. 00 Mayor’s Permit 9,514. 00 Business Tax 1,400. 00 Mayor’s Permit 2,096. 00 Business Plate 350. 00 Refuse Fee 2,384. 00 Sanitary Permit 2,064. 00 Health Certificate 200. 00 Occupational Tax 200. 00 Inspection Fee 200. 00 Filing 100. 00 Processing 120. 00 Zoning 400. 00 BIR 300. 00 DTI 500. 00 Total P 10,464. 00 15 [pic]* The mayor’s permit computation was computed by Ms. Lorna Torres at Business Permits and Licensing Office, City of Caloocan Signage Permit 5ft Length 2ft Width * According to Mr. Bong Reyes of Engineer’s Office of Caloocan City Hall signage permit is 35. 00 per square ft. Computation: 10sq. ft. x 35. 00 = 350. 00 Additional Inspection fee 150. 00 Filing fee 50. 00 Total Cost Php550. 00 The amount of signage is Php. 4,000. 00 The store will be o pen Monday through Sunday. Ahead from other Internet shop along the area, the mall opens at 8:30 am; we always believe that the early bird catches the worm. The place is good for group, good for kids, attire- casual. Assumptions: ?Business Year will start at June 2009 ?Prepaid Rent is Php. 10,000. 00 monthly, Payment will first month of the business year. ?Payable must paid before the division of income ?Division of income will be at the end of business year Salaries for Other technician will be Php. 500. 00 per visit, estimated once a month ? Air condition maintenance will for Php. 450. 00 every year ?Water expense is Php. 117. 50 minimum bill every month. ?Bill of telephone was included in DSL ?Cleaning Expense is Php. 1,735. 00 for the whole year ?Anti virus is package purchase that good for 5 computers amounting Php. 3,600. 00 each ? 2010 purchase another Norton Anti virus for the additional computer 16 [pic]? Padlock and other cleaning materials considered as expense at the end of the year ? Membership card is good for 1 year ?All lightings materials are included in lease of contract ? Membership card, small tarpaulins fliers will purchased twice a year LIST OF SUPPLIES The materials needed for the operation of the business Bond Paper 150. 00 (500pcs. /rim) CD w/ Case 13. 00/set Ballpen 48. 00/box of 12pcs. Stapler 100. 00 Stapler Wire 30. 00 HP 96 Black Ink 800. 00 HP 97 Tri-Color 850. 00 Record Book 25. 00 Fire Extinguisher 10lbs. (Danwell)- 3,950. 00 Other Equipment Air-condition (Condura) 14,500. 00 Furniture Fixture Quantity Unit Price Total Price Computer Table 14 1,300. 00 18,200. 00 Table for Server 1 1,500. 00 1,500. 00 Monoblock Chair 15 249. 75 4,995. 00 Tool Chair 5 89. 00 445. 00 Cabinet 1 ,000. 00 1,000. 00 Total 26,140. 00 Additional Expense 17 [pic] The proposed business should be registered with DTI to assure that any organization of individual for their business proposal for future use would not copy the name of our business. It acquires 15 days period of processing before the name of the business registered certificate can be issued by the said government agency. BUSINESS/MAYOR’S PERMIT Business Permit must be applied with the licensing office at the Municipal Hall of the said locality. It would be based on the reported business entity to be put up; we secured barangay clearance as a requirement for an application. Bureau of Internal Revenue The proposed business should register with BIR and secured TIN (Tax Identification Number) which will be used as simplifying the record control producers relating to taxation and securing VAT (Value Added Tax) MAYOR’S PERMIT Mayor’s permit must acquired before the operation of the business Steps in processing permits STEP 1 1. Business Name Registration Certificate Validity: 5 years Requirements: Accomplished Business Name Registration Form[SingleProprietorship/Partnership] Tax Identification Number (TIN) Registration fee of P 300. 00 STEP 2 Mayor’s / Business Permit Local Municipality where the business is located Validity: 1 year Requirements Accomplished Business Permit Application Form DTI-Business Name Certificate Sketch of he business location Barangay Clearance Lease Contract STEP 3 Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) National Office STEP 4 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Certificate Requirements: Verification Slip Form (re: proposed name) Accomplished Registration Data Sheet LEGAL REQUIREMENTS COST Barangay Clearance 150. 00 Mayor’s Permit 9,514. 00 Business Tax 1,400. 00 Mayor’s Permit 2,096. 00 Business Plate 350. 00 Refuse Fee 2,384. 00 Sanitary Permit 2,064. 00 Health Certificate 200. 00 Occupational Tax 200. 00 Inspection Fee 200. 00 Filing 100. 00 Processing 120. 00 Zoning 400. 00 BIR 300. 00 DTI 500. 00 Total P 10,464. 00 * The mayor’s permit computation was computed by Ms. __________ at Business Permits and Licensing Office, City of Digos Signage Permit 5 ft Length 2ft Width * According to Mr. _________ of Engineer’s Office of Digos City Hall signage permit is 35. 00 per square ft. Computation:10sq. ft. x 35. 00 = 350. 00 Additional Inspection fee 150. 00 Filing fee50. 00 Total Cost Php550. 00 The amount of signage is Php. ,000. 00 The store will be open Monday through Sunday. Ahead from other Internet shop along the area, the shop opens at 7:00 am; we always believe that the early bird catches the worm. The place is good for group, good for kids, attire- casual. Assumptions: Business Year will start at January 2010 Prepaid Rent is Php. 10,000. 00 monthly, Payment will first month of the business year. Payable must paid before the division of income Division of income will be at the end of business year Salaries for Other technician will be Php. 1,000. 00 per visit (twice a month) Air condition maintenance will for Php. 50. 00 every year Water expense is Php. 117. 50 minimum bill every month. Bill of telephone was included in DSL Cleaning Expense is Php. 1,735. 00 for the whole year Anti virus is package purchase that good for 5 computers amounting Php. 3,600. 00 each 2010 purchase another Norton Anti virus for the additional computer Padlock and other cleaning materials considered as expense at the end of the year Membership card is good for 1 year All lightings materials are included in lease of contract Membership card, small tarpaulins fliers will purchased twice a year LIST OF SUPPLIES The materials needed for the operation of the business : Bond Paper 150. 00 (500pcs. /rim) CD w/ Case 13. 00/set Ballpen 48. 00/box of 12pcs. Stapler 100. 00 Stapler Wire 30. 00 HP 96 Black Ink 800. 00 HP 97 Tri-Color 850. 00 Record Book 25. 00 Fire Extinguisher 10lbs. (Danwell)- 3,950. 00 Other Equipment Air-condition (Condura) 14,500. 00 Furniture Fixture Quantity Unit Price Total Price Computer Table 14 1,300. 00 18,200. 00 Table for Server 1 1,500. 00 1,500. 00 Monoblock Chair 15 249. 75 4,995. 00 Tool Chair 5 89. 00 445. 00 Cabinet 1 1,000. 00 1,000. 00 Total 26,140. 00 Additional Expenses: Pad Lock ( Abloy) P1,800. 00/ unit) Quantity Unit Price Amount 2 1,800. 00 3,600. 00 Waste Disposal The proper disposal of the garbage is very important. Since our business is a computer cafe we usually used bond paper, so it is not hard for us to think how it will be disposed. To maintain the cleanliness inside the cafe there are trash basket at one corner. Cleaning Materials : Broom 60. 00 ( replace every 6 months) Dust Pan Plastic 45. 00 Trash Basket 100. 00 Feather Dust 50. 00 (25. 00/ pc. ) Mop 250. 00 Powder Soap 20. 00 ( 6pcs. Good for 2 mos. ) Air Freshener 175. 00 ( replace every 2 months) Guidelines of Business 1. All Malicious site are blocked 2. Were not allowing inserting flash drive or any storage device without the consent of the shop manager 3. Eating and drinking inside the premises is not allowed 4. Students whose wearing school uniform especially from 8am to 12pm are n ot allowed to play games 5. One person for one pc to maintain orderliness AMBIANCE -Not too dark not too bright because we want the shop more conducive to work and play Our computer table have a board between user for privacy purposes * All furniture are fully furnished and labor included. [pic] Project Cost As a part of the business, it’s more concerned is in financing and financial feasibility that perform activities. The total project cost we will able to determine how much money consumed from the start. Total Project Composed of the following: Legal Requirements Equipments Furniture and Fixture Prepaid Supplies Prepaid Rent Computer Application Software Game Software Other Expense Working Capital The cash flow it indicates the total cost before the operation. For the prepaid supplies and prepaid rent it will covered for one year. The improvement is composed of paint and labor, which is the cost for labor is 800. 0(400. 00 each person). It also include the payment of purchases such as Equipment, software, furniture and fixture and signage. Payment for legal requirements, marketing and other expenses which other expense composed of padlock and cleaning materials. Payment for Legal Requirement 11,014. 00 Payment for Equipment 328,250. 00 Payment for Other Equipment 2,000. 00 Payment for Furniture and Fixture 26,140. 00 Payment for Supplies 89,819. 00 Payment for Prepaid Rent 120,000. 00 Payment for Computer Application Software 19,200. 00 Payment for Games Software 6,456. 00 Payment for Anti-Virus Software 10,800. 0 Payment for Signage 4,000. 00 Improvement Expense 1,800. 00 Marketing Expense 12,405. 35 Pre-Operation Expense 5,335. 00 Cash available as of September 201062,780. 65 Supplies Expense 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Bond Paper 25,112. 00 26,864. 00 29,200. 00 32,266. 00 34,894. 00 (photocopy) 7,608. 00 8,242. 00 8,876. 00 9,510. 00 10,144. 00 CD Case CDs 28,470. 00 37,960. 00 47,450. 00 61,685. 00 71,175. 00 Staple Wire 60. 00 60. 00 90. 00 120. 00 150. 00 Record Book 75. 00 75. 00 100. 00 125. 00 150. 00 Ballpen 144. 00 144. 00 192. 0 240. 00 288. 00 Ink 24,300. 00 25,029. 00 25,779. 87 26,553. 27 27,349. 87 Stapler 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 Fire Extinguisher 3,950. 00 3,950. 00 3,950. 00 3,950. 00 3,950. 00 Total 89,819. 00 102,424. 00 115,737. 87 134,549. 27 148,200. 80 Table shows the depreciation of equipment and furniture’s and fixture from the original price with the salvage value of 10% except the furniture and fixture. To compute the depreciation of equipment just multiplies in10% salvage value and the result will be subtracted to the original price then divided in 5 years useful life. Same in other equipment, furniture and fixture but don’t have salvage value; it is immaterial if they had a salvage value because it has a lower price. DEPRECIATION: Equipment ComputerSet(17,500/4years) Cost Per Unit Useful LifeSalvage Value Depreciated Cost Book Value Per Unit (10%) 17,50041,995. 00 3,591. 00 16,359. 00 Total Year Quantity Net Value Depreciation BookValue 2011 10 175,000. 00 53,865. 00 191,520. 00 2011 10 175,000. 00 53,865. 00 191,520. 00 Additional Computer 1 17,500. 00 3,591. 00 16,359. 00 2012 11 160,000. 00 50,456. 00 150,423. 00 Additional Computer 1 16,500. 00 3,291. 00 14,359. 00 201310 166,782. 00 61,047. 00 105,735. 00 Additional Computer 1 17,500. 00 3,591. 00 16,359. 00 2014 10 122,094. 00 64,638. 00 57,456. 00 Additional Computer 235,000. 00 7,182. 00 32,718. 00 Aircon (7,000/4 years) Cost Per Unit Useful LifeSalvage Value Depreciated Cost Book Value Per Unit (10%) 14,500. 00 4 1,450. 00 2,610. 00 11,890. 00 Year Quantity Net Value Depreciated cost BookValue 2011 1 14,500. 00 2,610. 00 11,890. 00 20121 11,890. 00 2,610. 00 9,280. 00 20131 9,280. 00 2,610. 00 6,670. 00 014 1 6,670. 00 2,610. 00 4,060. 00 3 in 1(Scanner/Photocopier/Printer(14,500. 00/5years ) Cost Per Unit Useful LifeSalvage Value Depreciated Cost Book Value Per Unit (10%) 14,5 00. 00 5 1,450. 00 2,610. 00 11,890. 00 Year Quantity Net Value Depreciation BookValue 20111 14,500. 00 2,610. 00 11,890. 00 2012 1 11,890. 00 2,610. 00 9,280. 00 2013 19,280. 00 2,610. 00 6,670. 00 20141 6,670. 00 2,610. 00 4,060. 00 20151 4,060. 00 2,610. 00 1,450. 00 Furniture Fixture Monoblock Chair Cost Per Unit Useful Life Salvage Value Depreciated Cost Book Value Per Unit 249. 75 5 None 49. 5 199. 8 Year Quantity Net Value Depreciated Cost BookValue 201120 4,995. 00 999. 00 3,996. 00 2012 20 3,996. 00 999. 00 2,997. 00 201320 2,997. 00 999. 00 1,998. 00 2014 20 1,998. 00 999. 00 999. 00 201520 999. 00 999. 00 0. 00 Computer Table Cost Per Unit Useful Life Salvage Value Depreciated CostBook Value Per Unit 1,300. 00 5 None 260. 00 1,040. 00 Year Quantity Net Value Depreciation BookValue 2011 1114,300. 00 2,100. 00 12,200. 00 2012 11 12,200. 00 2,100. 00 10,100. 00 201311 10,100. 00 2,100. 00 7,900. 00 2014 117,900. 00 2,100. 00 5,800. 00 2015115,800. 00 2,100. 00 3,700. 00 Don’t waste time! 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War Destruction on Combatents in Kurt Vonnegut´s...

The effects of war are devastating for those who experience it. The wake of destruction left behind by bloody conflicts can traumatize any onlooker; those who face the fighting firsthand are often permanently affected by the horrors they witness. Frequently, combatants require special treatment for the psychological torment that can follow intense fighting. Kurt Vonnegut’s Slaughterhouse-Five explores the harmful effects of isolation, imprisonment, and oppression through a soldier’s perspective. Sections of Vonnegut’s novel take place during World War II: the bloodiest war ever fought. The story follows Billy Pilgrim, a young man who is forced to fight overseas despite the rough conditions he will face. Billy joins his regiment as â€Å"it [is] in the process of being destroyed by Germans† (Vonnegut 40), and Vonnegut’s description of Billy accentuates his lack of preparation. He is given very little combat training, ill-fitting clothes, and is not e ven supplied with a firearm (Vonnegut 41). From the beginning, Billy is isolated from the other troops in a way because he is not as well prepared as the others. During a scouting mission after the devastating Battle of the Bulge, Billy is separated from his group and left with another scout, Roland Weary. This is when Billy’s physical isolation begins, chronologically speaking. Billy and Roland inadvertently separate themselves from their squadron and begin to wander around behind enemy lines. Unlike Roland, however, Billy seems to

Essay Homers Hospitality - 1386 Words

Mycenaean civilization was a golden age of splendour that arose during1600 BC. It was during this time that Ancient Greece began to take form, in both cultural and religious aspects. Historians often refer to this period as Mycenaean, but due to the culture and values embodied in Homer’s poem, The Odyssey, it is also known as the Homeric Age. In Homer’s world, society consisted of city-states controlled by well-respected Kings. The Homeric Age also focused on the importance of religion where all regions participated in sacrificial tributes to the Gods. Unlike today’s modern society, methods of travel were very limited in the 1600s. Mycenaeans’ relied on sea travel as their main way of transportation. Due to this, journeys were much†¦show more content†¦For inquires made of the stranger’s history is not spoken of until after the feast. As stated previously, hospitality was often as result of trying to attain a good reputation. With a goo d reputation, society viewed one higher on the social hierarchy. It is during the guest’s departure from the host’s home where the creation of good reputation is put into action. During the farewells, the act of gift-giving of the finest and most valuable items is presented to the guests by the host. Through the act of gift-giving, one’s reputation was seen as wealthy, kind, generous, and more importantly, honourable. The basis of social standing was primarily based on the ability give gifts. This is apparent when Telemachos departs from Menelaus’s home and is presented with an abundance of gifts. While giving Telemachos a mixing bowl Menelaus states that the bowl â€Å"is of silver, all but the edges, and these are finished in gold. This is the work of Hephaestus. Courageous Phà ¦dimus, the king of Sidon, gave me this bowl when, on my homeward, I was his welcome guest† (Od. 15. 115-120). The significance of the quotation is that one sees how Mene laus is spreading the reputation of Phaedimus, who was a good host to him, as well as exhibiting his own generosity for offering such a valuable item. So if anyone was to inquire about the origin of the mixingShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of Hospitality Illustrated in Homers Odyssey Essay1708 Words   |  7 PagesHomer, where hospitality and good will are the way of things. As decreed by Zeus himself, those who wish the favor of the Gods must welcome foreign and domestic with hospitality. A man was supposed to offer the best of his food, his home, and his knowledge before ever asking for his guest’s name or why he was there. There is a sense that those of high status are the main givers of hospitality, but they are not the only ones commanded to offer hospitality. 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In different phases of the poetry, the use of symbolism and dimensions ofRead MoreThe Odyssey1243 Words   |  5 PagesThe Odyssey In Homer’s epic, The Odyssey, each culture treats strangers and guests with distinct differences from every other culture. One of the most hospitable cultures was that of the ancient Greeks, exemplified in Homer s The Odyssey by both gracious hosts and guests. In Greece and The Odyssey, not only was good hospitality etiquette expected, but the added pressure that if they didn’t treat their guests with respect the gods would punish them further compelled excellent manners. The Odyssey

UK Competitiveness Free Essays

More than 200 projects in rail, road, local transport, flood defenses, broadband, airport infrastructure and waste management are due to start construction in 2014 to 2015 alone. This has been undertaken to improve UK businesses ability to transport goods, to communicate and make the UK a more attractive place to set up a business or invest. UK companies may gain advantages due to these improvements in infrastructure that improve their competitiveness. We will write a custom essay sample on UK Competitiveness or any similar topic only for you Order Now On the other hand, investment in infrastructure is not cheap, huge sums of money has been dedicated to development projects and this money could have been spent elsewhere. The Investment In Infrastructure Is a good Idea, as It helps I-J firms become more efficient and can reduce costs, making them more nominative Increasing access to finance Is another measure that has been undertaken via the creation of the funding for lending scheme and the El ban business bank. The increased access to capital for business may lead to increased investment in improving technology, becoming more productive or growing in size. These can only help UK companies become more competitive on global markets and help increase their exports. This does encourage investment by businesses on growing and becoming more competitive but it also is not a guarantee that they will do so. Businesses may not see it as advantageous to invest at that time and may hold on to their money, having no positive effects on UK competitiveness. In addition an increased tax allowance leads to decreased tax receipts which reduces the governments income whilst is already running at a deficit and may mean it cannot spend money elsewhere. The government is undergoing the process of cutting corporation tax from 23% to 20% by 2015. This will make the UK a more attractive place to set up a business and encourages Investment Into the country. However It does mean that the UK will see reduced tax receipts which may reduce public pending as less money Is available and this will have a negative effect on competitiveness. Also, companies may decide not to invest money saved from business regulation involves removing two regulations whenever one new one is created and this helps business to develop and grow as there are fewer barriers to pass through to get things done. Also there is no cost to this policy which means that no money is taken away from other sectors or areas of spending. A negative effect of the policy is that too much deregulation could have severe negative effects on the economy, as seen by the crisis of 2008. Steps to improve the education system have begun via changes to the curriculum to promote mathematics and improve English skills, as well as improving training and increasing both the quality and the number of apprenticeships available to people in the I-J. These steps can help to improve competitiveness as if your workforce is more skilled then they will generally see a rise in productivity an increased likelihood of inward investment leading to higher efficiency. Business may develop new technology making them more competitive as result as a better educated workforce. However, there is a time lag, these measures ill take years to have an effect and may not be so desperately required in the future. Also the effect of labor costs may still mean the business invest or set up elsewhere, as cost overrides skill and this will not improve competitiveness. In conclusion, every measure has its downfalls but it is the way they are implemented and how they are regulated that decides their effectiveness. For example, investment in infrastructure cannot be set too high so that it drags from other areas and taxes should be cut to encourage investment and promote business growth but cut to a level that is beneficial for both business and the economy as a whole. How to cite UK Competitiveness, Papers

Australian Taxation Law Significance of Californian Copper

Questions: Assess the significance of EACH of the following cases for the development of Australian tax law:Californian Copper Syndicate v Harris (1904) 5 TC 159 Whitfords Beach Pty Ltd v FCT 82 ATC 4031 Myer Emporium Pty Ltd v FCT 87 ATC 4363. Answers: Assessment of significance of Californian Copper Syndicate v Harris (1904) 5 TC 159 The case study involves the issue on assessability of capital profits and realization of capital asset with respect to the property sale utilized for minerals exploitation. Accordingly, the case involved the regulations of Taxation Rulings under section 25(1) ITAA 1936 for assessing the sale of property as ordinary income or capital income[1]. The case involved the issue on sale of land as the company did not have sufficient funds to improve it for mining purpose therefore, the company sold it and realized substantial profit. The tax surveyor contended that the profit earned by the company should be assessed as ordinary income rather than capital income since the intention of the company was to earn profit from acquisition and resale of land. It was observed that the company did not have sufficient funds since the beginning therefore, sale of land for profit could not be referred as investment substitution. Besides, capital income as per the regulations under ITAA 97/36 refers to the income derives from the sale of personal assets that may be long- term or short- term[2]. In the given case study, the court observed that the taxpayer company endeavored to earn profit from the sale of acquired land in the ordinary course of business. It has been noted that the taxpayer entered in the speculative business actions by acquiring the land and sale it for profit since unavailability of fund did not occur after the acquisition of land. In addition, regulation under ITAA 97 provides that the income earned by way of speculative business transaction is regarded as ordinary business income rather than capital income and hence the same should be included in the taxable income[3]. Accordingly, the present case study provides emphasis on the consideration of profit earned from the speculative business as many taxpayers enter such business transaction and consider the income as capital income so that it is not included in the assessable income. As capital income is not included in the assessable income of and taxed separately at relatively lower rate, taxpayers enters into the transaction of sale of property with the intention of earning profit and assess the same as capital income. Therefore, judgment of the present case clarifies the difference in assessment of capital income and ordinary income in accordance with the regulations of ITAA 97. Assessment of significance of Whitfords Beach Pty Ltd v FCT 82 ATC 4031 The present case study incorporates the issue on assessability on the capital income or ordinary income of the taxpayer considering the regulations under section 25(1) or section 26(a), ITAA 97/36[4]. Facts of the case involved a group of company formed by fishermen who owned entire securities of the assessee company. It was considered that the company acquired a piece of land close the shacks, which was owned by the fishermen providing them the authority to use the beach. However, the company together with three other development organizations subdivided the land for the purpose of sale during the year 1967. The company also acquired the shares of fishermen for a value of $1.6 million and changed the land zone for developing it for the purpose of residence subdivision and disposed off for profit. Accordingly, the taxpayer company considered the profit on sale of land as capital income contending that the sale proceeds realized from the capital asset. On the contrary, Commissioner of tax assessed the income from sale of land as ordinary income under section 25(1) ITAA 36 stating that the income had been realized from the business of development of land. Accordingly, high court contended that the transaction on sale of land cannot be considered as capital transaction since the activities on land constituted land development business while the purpose of sale of land was to earn profit. Moreover, capital transaction as per ITAA 97/36 refers to the transfer of capital asset that has not been used to carry business and the purpose of sale of asset is not to earn profit. Similar to case of Scottish Australian Mining Co Ltd v FC of T (1950) 81 CLR 188 it was held that the income from sale of land derived after the mining business was given up by the taxpayer[5]. Besides, in case of present situation, sale of land took place during the continuation of business with the purpose of constituting commercial venture. Therefore, it can be said the assessment of income under capital transaction should be considered only when the purpose is not to earn profit together as well as the transaction should not be conducted as commercial transaction. The present case study provides understanding on assessment of income from property to be classified as ordinary income or capital income. It provides emphasis on considering the purpose of sale of property that should not be conducted as for conducting business or for development of business activities[6]. Assessment of significance of Myer Emporium Pty Ltd v FCT 87 ATC 4363 The given case study involves the issues on assessment of income amounted to $45,370,000 as ordinary income or capital income during the taxable year 1981. In case of Myer Emporium Pty Ltd. the significance of assessment cannot be appreciated completely since there were several decisions that covered the concept of substance over form for assessing the income as ordinary income under section 25(1), ITAA 36 or as capital income under ITAA 36. The present case constituted the taxability of income from isolated transaction that the taxpayer contended as capital income instead of ordinary income[7]. Federal court of Australia held and decided that the income amounted to $45,370,000 received by Myer Emporium can be regarded as ordinary income instead of capital income since the income was derived from the transaction from ordinary course of business. The case was similar to the decision in Ruhamah Property Co Ltd v FC of T in which the court held that the income from sale of property can be assessed as ordinary income since the purpose of the taxpayer was to earn profit[8]. However, the Myer Emporium did not agree to the decision stated by the Federal Court of Australia and appealed to the Supreme Court contending that the income to be assessed as capital income as it has been derived by transferring a property. The present case incorporates the concept of statutory declaration that has been accepted under the Australian Law, which consists the income from property under business operations[9]. As the case incorporates, the consideration received as interest for the purpose of loan received by the taxpayer against the assignment for moneys under a contract entered with Citicorp. It was observed that the intention of earning income was to earn profit from the ordinary course business hence; it cannot be assessed as capital income under the regulation of ITAA 97/36. Federal law of Australia provides clear concept on assessment of profits from property transfer and isolated transactions, which is essential to be considered by the taxpayers[10]. Accordingly , the present states the clarification on assessing the income that derives as interest income under an agreement is an income under ordinary course of business. Analysis of introduction of capital gain tax diminished the importance of the cases Federal Commission of Australian Taxation Office introduced tax on the income derived from sale of capital assets and property, which impose tax liability at special rates. The government of Australia introduced tax on capital gains to comply the principles of equality and economic with respect to generate revenue in appropriate manner. Considering the issues of the above mentioned cases, it was observed that the taxpayers used to assess the income from sale of properties or any isolated transactions as capital income so that their tax liability can be minimized. It was due to consideration of assessable income derived from ordinary course of business while capital income was exempted to include as taxable income as per the regulations of ITAA 36[11]. Accordingly, taxpayers used to take advantage contending several transactions as capital asset transfer instead of assessing as ordinary income under section 25(1) in order to save the amount of tax liability. The above three cases considered the matter of assessment of income from sale of land by the taxpayers as part of conducting business for development of land and other commercial purpose. On the other hand, capital gain tax introduced by the Australian Taxation System to assess the income from the sale of capital asset at different rates so that the income from personal assets or collectables fall under the taxability sources[12]. Previously, taxpayers used to take advantage for the assessment of profitability as capital income to save the tax liability considering the sale of properties as capital asset transfer. Moreover, introduction of capital gain tax provides clarification on understanding the difference between capital income business income as capital income is no longer exempted[13]. Reference List Armour, P., Burkhauser, R. V., and Larrimore, J. Deconstructing income and income inequality measures: A crosswalk from market income to comprehensive income.The American Economic Review, (2013)103(3), 173-177. Ato.gov.au. Home page. [online] Available at: https://www.ato.gov.au (2017) [Accessed 1 Feb. 2017]. Austlii.edu.au. Australasian Legal Information Institute (AustLII). [online] Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/ (2017) [Accessed 1 Feb. 2017]. Cloyne, J. S., and Surico, P. Household debt and the dynamic effects of income tax changes.The Review of Economic Studies,(2017) 84(1), 45-81. Faccio, M., and Xu, J. Taxes and capital structure.Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,(2015) 50(03), 277 Howard, M., Pancak, K. A., and Shackelford, D. A. Taxes, investors, and managers: Exploring the taxation of foreign investors in US REITs.The Journal of the American Taxation Association,(2016) 38(2), 1-19. Jacob, M. Tax regimes and capital gains realizations.European Accounting Review, (2016) 1-21. Ludwig, T. Pay for Success: building on 25 years of experience with the Low Income Housing Tax Credit.Community Development Investment Review, (2013)9. Rimmer, X., Smith, J., and Wende, S. The incidence of company tax in Australia.Economic Round-up, (2014) (1), 33. Sharkey, N. C. Simplicity in the Chinese context: The categories of differential income tax treatment and their complications. InThe Complexity of Tax Simplification (2016)(pp. 45-69). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Taylor, G., Richardson, G., and Lanis, R. Multinationality, tax havens, intangible assets, and transfer pricing aggressiveness: An empirical analysis.Journal of International Accounting Research,(2015) 14(1), 25-57. Wiseman, S. A. Property or Currency: The Tax Dilemma behind Bitcoin.Utah L. Rev., (2016) 417. Ato.gov.au. Home page. [online] Available at: https://www.ato.gov.au (2017) [Accessed 1 Feb. 2017]. Austlii.edu.au. Australasian Legal Information Institute (AustLII). [online] Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/ (2017) [Accessed 1 Feb. 2017]. Jacob, M. Tax regimes and capital gains realizations. European Accounting Review, (2016) 1-21.Austlii.edu.au. Australasian Legal Information Institute (AustLII). [online] Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/ (2017) [Accessed 1 Feb. 2017]. Faccio, M., and Xu, J. Taxes and capital structure. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, (2015) 50(03), 277 Rimmer, X., Smith, J., and Wende, S. The incidence of company tax in Australia. Economic Round-up, (2014) (1), 33. Armour, P., Burkhauser, R. V., and Larrimore, J. Deconstructing income and income inequality measures: A crosswalk from market income to comprehensive income. The merican Economic Review, (2013) 103(3), 173-177. Ludwig, T. Pay for Success: building on 25 years of experi ence with the Low Income Housing Tax Credit. Community Development Investment Review, (2013) 9. Taylor, G., Richardson, G., and Lanis, R. Multinationality, tax havens, intangible assets, and transfer pricing aggressiveness: An empirical analysis. Journal of International Accounting Research, (2015) 14(1), 25-57. Sharkey, N. C. Simplicity in the Chinese context: The categories of differential income tax treatment and their complications. In The Complexity of Tax Simplification (2016) (pp. 45-69). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Howard, M., Pancak, K. A., and Shackelford, D. A. Taxes, investors, and managers: Exploring the taxation of foreign investors in US REITs. The Journal of the American Taxation Association, (2016) 38(2), 1-19.Wiseman, S. A. Property or Currency: The Tax Dilemma behind Bitcoin. Utah L. Rev., (2016) 417. Cloyne, J. S., and Surico, P. Household debt and the dynamic effects of income tax changes. The Review of Economic Studies, (2017) 84(1), 45-81.

Social Enterprise Acts to Increase Possibilities in Business

Question: Discuss about the Social Enterprise Acts to Increase Possibilities in Business. Answer: Introduction To this day, even through all the technological advancements the world has seen. We have still never seen the end of many social issues throughout the world. This is due to a gap disallowing us from achieving a world with no social issues. The concept of social enterprise acts to increase possibilities in business. This could simply mean distributing profits toward pursuing a community goal, or moving the allocation of profits from owners, to those who are at the forefront of experiencing the social problem. Or, on a larger scale, this may mean shifting perspectives and abolishing a social issue all together. This paper will analyse the importance of social enterprise by creating a business model which is based upon the foundations of social enterprise. The new business model involves creating medical centres throughout Australia, and designed with the ultimate goal of tackling the social issues of health and education in Australia and developing countries. The medical centre social enterprise is called, Australian Health Project. With the establishment of new medical centres, Australia is provided with further accessibility to health services in local communities. Developing countries will be given the social benefits. These benefits will also be explained in detail throughout the paper. A social enterprise model for education needs to contain needs to contain the following 4 elements: Accessibility; Affordability; Sustainability; Adaptability These 4 elements are the foundation of the newly created and innovative medical centres. Brief Overview of Health as a Social Issue (Luke) Through countless efforts, the basic health needs of vast numbers of the worlds people remain unsatisfied. In many countries, less than 15% of the rural population and other underprivileged groups have access to health services (Djukanovic Mach, 1975). Undoubtedly, to have 85% of people in developing countries unable to find basic health services, is much more than a social issue. Sadly, we have been able to find cures for many sicknesses and diseases, but this issue is much larger than finding cure for a sickness. With 1/3 of the world population unable to find medicines essential to health and survival (Humanium, 2016), it is the largest sickness ever seen. Sadly, though many charities, NGOs, government aid, human aid and many other efforts there are still billions of people struggling throughout the world. The Australian Health Project has the vision to ultimately eradicate all basic health issues in developing countries. Develop and Outline the Business Model (Luke) The Business Model we are creating is called the Australian Health Project. In essence, it is a medical centre, and provides Australians with essential health services to our local suburbs and communities. Over time, these centres will also extend toward rural areas throughout Australia. The health services include; GP, podiatrist, physio, optometrist and chiropractor. However, a business as simple as a medical centre, can provide significant impact to so much more than the Australian community. Through social enterprise, this business has been structured to improve lives of many in developing countries, such as in Kenya and Cambodia. Because it is a regular medical centre with approved, experienced doctors, the AMA would also give the approval of the centre. Therefore, the centres will also be bulk billed by the government for greater customer satisfaction and accessibility. The social impacts in developing countries would be created by using the profits given to by the patients at the various medical centres around Australia. As a general rule, each consultation in Australia, will give an individual in a developing country the opportunity to also receive a health check-up. While also receiving the health check-up, the doctor in the developing country will also educate the individuals or communities to administer basic first aid (similar to a Bronze Medallion/Senior First Aid Cert.). Over time, this will increase health outcomes for communities, while also educating them to administer basic first aid. Therefore, this social enterprise tackles the social issues of health and education. The social enterprise is fully sustainable. This is due to the business being based on a mutual service where one service in one country, allows for another service in another country. It all starts with the customers in Australia consciously making the decision whether they would prefer to use the services of a regular medical centre, or deciding to essentially change the world, by using the consultation to aid others in developing countries. Differentiable Business Model Blocks Customer Segments In a basic medical centre, the customer segment is; Those who need a professional diagnosis for their individual health problems. Consulting these individuals with the objective of achieving full wellbeing. In the Australian Health Project, it has this exact customer segment, while also expanding to those customers in developing countries. This segment includes those communities in developing countries who are in need of health check ups and health education. It is important to note that a social enterprise, such as the Australian Health Project, does have the same customer segment (and more) to a regular medical centre. This clearly conveys that the social enterprise also operates like a normal business with very little limitation in comparison to a regular business. Value Proposition This social enterprise has further value added for each customer in Australia because they know that through their consultation with their GP etc., they are helping those in developing countries with health to the individuals who need it the most. Having an extended value proposition such as this, increases the breadth of the customer segment and debatably the market share. This is due to the customer consciously choosing the social enterprise over a normal medical centre because they know they are directly helping those in developing countries. Key Resources The Australian medical centres will need resources such as medical equipment, doctors, medical professionals and receptionists. With the added social enterprise aspects of the Australian Health Project, the added key resources include the resources necessary to create a program in developing countries. This includes; qualified doctors, medical equipment, supervisors and project managers. Key Activities In the Australian medical centres, the key activities will be for doctors and medical professionals to consult and provide Australians with health information. The added social enterprise activities includes executing the key resources into the developing countries. Justify the Business Model (Christine) In developed countries, if you ask anyone what the two most important aspects of having a good life are, the general answer would be having food and good health. In developing countries, the latter is often the one that is overlooked mainly because the vast majority of the population simply do not have free access to doctors/medical staff. Sadly, in many cases, due to poverty, medical treatment is not readily accessible. According to the World Health Organisation, infectious disease affects some 3 billion people in the less developed world. In many developing countries, many people do not have access to immunisation which causes health problems for babies and toddlers. Simple ailments such as diarrhoea and dehydration in children go untreated and sadly in most cases, result in death. Diarrhoeal diseases cause illness and death among children younger than 5 years in low-income countries (Kotloff, 2013) Another issue in surrounding health in developing countries that is often coupled with poverty is lack of knowledge. For example, as we know performing CPR does save lives, however, lack of knowing how to administer CPR does result in death, this is where the Australian Health Project steps in to provide some valuable information and will be able to demonstrate the importance of administering first aid. Not only will the Australian Health Project be teaching basic skills, but it will also teach a valuable lesson in saving lives should the need arises. This social enterprise business model focuses on health care, something that is so important to the health, wellbeing and longevity of everyone. The Australian Health Project is paramount in preventing the loss of lives through medical treatment. In communities where access to medical staff is not so readily available, the Australian Health Project will ensure that medical assistance will be provided. People with chronic diseases spend most of their time outside of a primary health care setting. Primary health care services that establish formal linkages with their communities leverage untapped resources and help to ensure healthy and facilitative environments for people, especially elderly people living with chronic diseases. (Farmer, 2001) In a lot of aspects, The Australian Health Project will become critical to children, the company will play a key role in preventing illness associated with lack of immunisation which will substantially help in preventing child mortality, additionally, parents can be educated about the importance of childhood immunisation As highlighted, there are many factors that contribute the untimely death of many. By providing the medical attention many need, the rate of mortality will be decreased, communities will be more inclined to offer help to others after acquiring knowledge on how to administer first aid. Medication will be readily available, people do not have to wait for the next round of volunteers to fly in and hope their community will be seen to, doctors will be readily available to treat anything that is unwell. The Australian Health Project will be paramount to saving so many lives and ultimately ensuring people have a healthier life with readily available medical treatment Identifying Challenges (Steve) Setting up and running a new enterprise, whether socially based or a traditional for-profit business, presents the entrepreneur with many challenges. The Australian Health Project is no exception to this rule. For the purposes of this paper three major challenges will be identified and defined. The next section Overcoming Challenges will suggest strategies that will endeavour to address these challenges. The three challenges identified for this paper are: Financing the enterprise. Attracting personnel Creating a marketing strategy. Finance Having a mission to change the third world through better health practices and education that are financed through the Australian Health Project clinics is an exciting concept which, will remain a concept if financing the operation from conception through to maturity isnt taken into account and planned for. Attracting traditional investors to finance an enterprise that offers low profits compensated by the promise of social impact may be difficult. According to Bugg-Levine, Kogut and Kulatilaka. (2012) The social value of supplying affordable healthcare to poor people is important, however, low financial returns to investors can be problematic. This has been aptly demonstrated by President Obamas Affordable Care Act (ACA), which endeavours to provide affordable health services to poorer people in one of the richest countries in the world. The ACA has been dogged by controversy since its inception largely based on disagreements regarding how to finance health care to the poor. (Althou gh the ACA isnt a social enterprise it does serve to highlight the complexities associated with financing health projects). Attracting Personnel As with any enterprise building the right team to move the venture forward is crucial. Attracting competent team members who fit the enterprises culture, work ethic and mission is standard to any organisation, however, the social enterprise must do this in an environment of scarce resources, high flexibility and often low financial rewards. Harris and Kor. (2013) note that, attracting and retaining staff to social enterprise presents many challenges, overcoming these challenges will be crucial to a social enterprise's mission and survival. Creating a Marketing Strategy Having the best service in the world that no-one knows about is a guaranteed path to failure. Once the business model has been built, financing secured and a good team assembled, relationships need to be established with customers who will purchase the services in Australia and with the beneficiaries who will receive the services in the targeted third world countries. Limited marketing budgets will often exclude social enterprises from mainstream media options such as Television and Radio. The social enterprise will need to carefully analyse the markets they serve, the consumer and beneficiaries of their services and formulate a targeted strategy that aims to build long term beneficial relationships with all stakeholder groups. Overcoming Challenges (Steve) Finance In order to consider the funding requirements of Australian Health Project, the enterprises life-cycle needs to be identified so that targeted funding options for each stage of cycle can be established. Seed / Startup Survival / Establishment Growth / Expansion Maturity Seed / Startup In the initial stages of a social enterprises inception there is a need to finance the research and prototyping that is required to create the business model and the product/service/value-proposition that will drive revenue creation. The problem most startups encounter is there is no proven history, track record assets or collateral that would give traditional investors, such as banks, the security they require to invest. In the seed/startup phase many enterprises will adopt a mix of options that tap into the entrepreneur's own resources and networks: The Three Fs Friends Family Fools Bootstrapping Doing many of the startups functions in-house: ie web development, social media, IT, graphic artwork etc. Self-Financing Credit cards, personal loans Grants Foundations, Government and impact minded individuals Although meagre, these methods allow the fledgling enterprise to turn the idea into a marketable product/service, start gathering the right team and identify and approach customers and beneficiaries. Survival / Establishment The Three Fs Friends Family Fools Philanthropic Organisations Program Related Investments (PRIs) Finite funding for a specific project. i.e. motor vehicle purchase These methods allow the venture to begin to refine their offering, establish a market share, conserve precious capital, build internal infrastructure and cement relationships with customers and beneficiaries. Growth / Expansion Traditional Debt Bank Loans Credit Union Loans Credit Card Finance Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFI) At this stage of development the Australian Health Project will be relatively established, with formal accounting procedures, IT and HR systems in place. A track record is beginning to build as well as collateral and capital is growing. This stage requires more team building and opposition / competition needs to be addressed. Maturity With an established foothold in the market, the mature Australian Health Project hopefully has a track record of proven sales to customers, a history of impact and value to the beneficiaries and a proven revenue stream, cash flow and dividends for all stakeholders. The enterprise should be able to self finance items like payroll, loan servicing and utilities etc. via its own working capital. Long term debt in the form of Bank loans may be advantageous to enable the purchase of new facilities or capital equipment. There may also be the option of raising capital by floating The Australian Health Project on the Stock exchange via an Initial Public Offering (IPO). Attracting Personnel During the stages of growth detailed in the last section the team at The Australian Health Project will need to be focusing on creating a viable team of professionals and volunteers that will become not only team members but also Australian Health Project advocates and mouth pieces, the value of this development will be discussed in the following sections. A key strategy will be to guide the Australian Health Project into becoming strong team focussing on the three types of capital that relate to the team: Human Capital Referring to the workforce and stakeholders of the Australian Health Project Bonding Social Capital The relational ties within the Australian Health Project Bridging Social Capital Important links external to the Australian Health Project If the Australian Health Project nurtures a high degree of Social Capital, both bonding and bridging, the organisation will attract volunteers, donors and champions driving shared value and forming the enterprise into a Charismatic Organisation. Charismatic Organisations aim is to instigate and nurture their social capital in two ways: THe first way is a strong organisational core (Bonding Social Capital) and the second is to reach out to create a strong network (Bridging Social Capital) Sagawa Jospin. (2009) Strong Core. Mission-driven motivation Can-do culture Data-driven decision making Purposeful innovation People-focused management Strong Network Compelling communications Active outreach Meaningful involvement The development of a Charismatic Orginisation that builds bonding and bridging Social Capital into its DNA will create an environment for all stakeholders to be aspirational in regards to their role in the organisation, have the avenue to have their say and express their opinion in regards to organisational issues and direction, Join in with company rituals and celebrations and turning each stakeholder into and advocate and spokesperson for the Australian Health Project in their community and beyond. Creating a Marketing Strategy Haven Products (https://www.havenproducts.co.uk) was established in Scotland as a social enterprise in 1946. Their mission is to create real and sustainable jobs for people living with disabilities. In many ways Havens journey reflects the strategies discussed in this paper. The reason for including Haven as an example for a marketing strategy is because of their ethos when it comes to achieving their mission. Following the Theory of Change, Haven has clearly understood that to achieve the Outcome of real and sustainable jobs their Outputs (Products/Services) need to be of a consistently high quality and value. Its the quality, price, timeliness and customer experience that keeps bringing the customer back and, in-turn, allows the enterprise to achieve their missional goal of real jobs. The Australian Health Project will be operating in a very competitive arena where Federal and State Governments as well as private medical practices dominate the market. It will be essential for the enterprise to create an offering and value proposition whose quality, price, timeliness and customer experience is of sufficient gravity to attract customers away from existing services thus allowing The Australian Health Project to achieve its stated mission of providing health care and education to its target beneficiaries. A marketing strategy needs to be informed by good information and establish strong communication channels:. Understanding the Target Audience Size of the target - how many people will realistically become clients Structure - Key demographics, socio-economic status, gender, age etc. Trends - What is popular re. Health care now, what will be popular in the future Needs and Characteristics - Obstetrics, Chiropractic, Physio ect. Unique Selling Proposition What is offered that sets The Australian Health Project apart Efficiency - better price and service Leadership - cutting edge technology Audience Intimacy - Creating a close relationship with clients Communication Is The Australian Health Project getting their message out to the community Healthcare that helps you and in-turn people from poorer countries get benefits as well Storytelling (a key outcome of the Charismatic Organisation) Every stakeholder of The Australian Health Project excited, properly informed and telling everyone they meet about the great impact The Australian Health Project has achieved. On the beneficiary side of the marketing task, there needs to be a Bottom of the Pyramid (BoP) approach to creating the product and value proposition that will meet the needs of and be culturally sensitive to the beneficiary market that has been targeted. Prahalad (2012) Conclusion This paper analyzed the importance of social enterprise through the creation of a business model based upon the social enterprise foundation. The business model included customer segments, value proposition, identification of key resources and activities. After justifying the selected business model, three key challenges were identified, which included financing the enterprise, attracting the personnel and creating a marketing strategy. To overcome these challenges, appropriate implications has also been provided in this paper. For the finance related issue, the enterprise should identify the targeted funding options for each stage of enterprises life cycle. For the next issue, it has been suggested that building a strong core, a strong network and meaningful involvement, potential personnel can be attracted. To resolve the third issue, some strategies like understanding the target audience, unique selling proposition, establishing strong communication channels and sharing informatio n with the stakeholders would be beneficial for the enterprise. Moreover, it has been interpreted that a bottom of the pyramid approach can be implemented for creating value proposition, which would meet the needs of targeted audience and the enterprise would be able to address the culturally sensitive aspects of the project. This assignment would help the marketer to develop a sustainable social enterprise.