War Destruction on Combatents in Kurt Vonnegut´s...

The effects of war are devastating for those who experience it. The wake of destruction left behind by bloody conflicts can traumatize any onlooker; those who face the fighting firsthand are often permanently affected by the horrors they witness. Frequently, combatants require special treatment for the psychological torment that can follow intense fighting. Kurt Vonnegut’s Slaughterhouse-Five explores the harmful effects of isolation, imprisonment, and oppression through a soldier’s perspective. Sections of Vonnegut’s novel take place during World War II: the bloodiest war ever fought. The story follows Billy Pilgrim, a young man who is forced to fight overseas despite the rough conditions he will face. Billy joins his regiment as â€Å"it [is] in the process of being destroyed by Germans† (Vonnegut 40), and Vonnegut’s description of Billy accentuates his lack of preparation. He is given very little combat training, ill-fitting clothes, and is not e ven supplied with a firearm (Vonnegut 41). From the beginning, Billy is isolated from the other troops in a way because he is not as well prepared as the others. During a scouting mission after the devastating Battle of the Bulge, Billy is separated from his group and left with another scout, Roland Weary. This is when Billy’s physical isolation begins, chronologically speaking. Billy and Roland inadvertently separate themselves from their squadron and begin to wander around behind enemy lines. Unlike Roland, however, Billy seems to

Essay Homers Hospitality - 1386 Words

Mycenaean civilization was a golden age of splendour that arose during1600 BC. It was during this time that Ancient Greece began to take form, in both cultural and religious aspects. Historians often refer to this period as Mycenaean, but due to the culture and values embodied in Homer’s poem, The Odyssey, it is also known as the Homeric Age. In Homer’s world, society consisted of city-states controlled by well-respected Kings. The Homeric Age also focused on the importance of religion where all regions participated in sacrificial tributes to the Gods. Unlike today’s modern society, methods of travel were very limited in the 1600s. Mycenaeans’ relied on sea travel as their main way of transportation. Due to this, journeys were much†¦show more content†¦For inquires made of the stranger’s history is not spoken of until after the feast. As stated previously, hospitality was often as result of trying to attain a good reputation. With a goo d reputation, society viewed one higher on the social hierarchy. It is during the guest’s departure from the host’s home where the creation of good reputation is put into action. During the farewells, the act of gift-giving of the finest and most valuable items is presented to the guests by the host. Through the act of gift-giving, one’s reputation was seen as wealthy, kind, generous, and more importantly, honourable. The basis of social standing was primarily based on the ability give gifts. This is apparent when Telemachos departs from Menelaus’s home and is presented with an abundance of gifts. While giving Telemachos a mixing bowl Menelaus states that the bowl â€Å"is of silver, all but the edges, and these are finished in gold. This is the work of Hephaestus. Courageous Phà ¦dimus, the king of Sidon, gave me this bowl when, on my homeward, I was his welcome guest† (Od. 15. 115-120). The significance of the quotation is that one sees how Mene laus is spreading the reputation of Phaedimus, who was a good host to him, as well as exhibiting his own generosity for offering such a valuable item. So if anyone was to inquire about the origin of the mixingShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of Hospitality Illustrated in Homers Odyssey Essay1708 Words   |  7 PagesHomer, where hospitality and good will are the way of things. As decreed by Zeus himself, those who wish the favor of the Gods must welcome foreign and domestic with hospitality. A man was supposed to offer the best of his food, his home, and his knowledge before ever asking for his guest’s name or why he was there. There is a sense that those of high status are the main givers of hospitality, but they are not the only ones commanded to offer hospitality. Homer emphasizes hospitality from everyoneRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s Odyssey, The Epic Of The Classical Era Essay1585 Words   |  7 PagesPaper Assignment 1 Prompt 1 Homer’s Odyssey is one of the many epic of the classical era to give an detailed overlook on the relationship between humans and gods. Odyssey is not just an adventure story about a king struggling to get back home after having gone to war; nor is it one about a son searching for his father after rumors say that he has been dead for many years. The events that take place in Homer’s Odyssey are heavily influenced by the Greek Gods. One can see how the gods interactionRead MoreHomer s Epic Poems, The Iliad And The Odyssey1254 Words   |  6 Pagespresenting multiple struggles that our characters must go through. Homer’s epic poems, The Iliad and The Odyssey, are thousands of years old. Yet, whoever reads these pieces of literature today can somehow relate to its characters and events. This is because of the author’s ability to form a connection between the reader and what it is they are analyzing/reading. This paper will identify the values, conflicts, and parallels within Homer’s text. Religion was a strong value for the early Greek societyRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s Epic Of The Iliad And Odyssey903 Words   |  4 Pagespersonal narrative, I will analyze two themes from Homer’s epic’s pertaining to the Iliad and the Odyssey. I have chosen hospitality (Xenia) and shame (Aidos) as the subject of interest, and will focus on these as a main source of the topic. Xenia is the ancient Greek word for â€Å"hospitality†, which is the consideration and kindness shown to those who are far from home and/or associates of the person bestowing xenia upon them. The rituals of hospitality created and conveyed a reciprocal relationship betweenRead MoreReligion As A Strong Value For The Early Greek Society Essay1035 Words   |  5 Pagesmortal committed hubris against them then they would be struck down. Often, Greeks would ask for favors from their Gods. This means that the relationship between the Greeks and their Deities would be one of give and take. We see this relationship in Homer’s works, particularly The Iliad. For example, a priest of Apollo, Chryse, claims that if Apollo has ever been pleased by Chryse’s acts of worship then the God should strike down the Danaans in return (Iliad.1.36-42). This shows the reader that if aRead MoreAnalysis Of Xenia And The Odyssey 889 Words   |  4 PagesNumber †¨Date The Significance of Xenia in the Works of Homer: Hospitality in the Illiad and the Odyssey The concept of Xenia was extremely significant in ancient Greek culture. As such, it played a prominent role in the works of authors, most specifically Homer. In fact, some of the most significant information we have about the concept of Xenia, as it relates to cultural norms come from the work of Homer, and the examples of hospitality demonstrated in the protagonist’s journeys in the Iliad andRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Odyssey 1124 Words   |  5 Pagesto around 700 BC; placing the story about ten years after the Trojan War. The story is about Odysseus, King of Ithica, and his journey to get back to the land of Ithica. Throughout the story there are several themes including: power of the gods, hospitality, and the maturation of Telemachus from boy to man. Homer opens up the Odyssey by asking the muses for their guidance in telling his story. Odysseus has been gone for twenty years at the beginning of the story. He spent the first ten fighting inRead MoreOdysseus Archetype Analysis785 Words   |  4 Pagescourageous whirlpool Charybdis. They all attempted to kill the heroic Odysseus but failed to. The author of the epic poem, The Odyssey, is credited to Homer. Homer wrote his epic somewhere in eighth century BC. Some archetypes used in Homer’s epic heroic, monsters, and hospitality. The first archetype we will discuss is the heroic archetype. Homer first uses the hero archetype in his epic, when he brutally stabbed the eye of the great Polyphemus. Homer gives you a very well insight that Odysseus uses a largeRead MoreThe Odyssey By Homer s Odyssey Essay1314 Words   |  6 Pagesthis epic mainly focus around the Greek hero Odysseus however in my essay I will attempt to analyze hospitality. Hospitality shaped an important part of social interactions in The Odyssey. Although Greek society emphasizes good hospitality and obeying the rules, some characters in The Odyssey have no respect for this hospitality and are therefore classified as uncivilized, which shows that hospitality organizes Greek Society. In different phases of the poetry, the use of symbolism and dimensions ofRead MoreThe Odyssey1243 Words   |  5 PagesThe Odyssey In Homer’s epic, The Odyssey, each culture treats strangers and guests with distinct differences from every other culture. One of the most hospitable cultures was that of the ancient Greeks, exemplified in Homer s The Odyssey by both gracious hosts and guests. In Greece and The Odyssey, not only was good hospitality etiquette expected, but the added pressure that if they didn’t treat their guests with respect the gods would punish them further compelled excellent manners. The Odyssey

UK Competitiveness Free Essays

More than 200 projects in rail, road, local transport, flood defenses, broadband, airport infrastructure and waste management are due to start construction in 2014 to 2015 alone. This has been undertaken to improve UK businesses ability to transport goods, to communicate and make the UK a more attractive place to set up a business or invest. UK companies may gain advantages due to these improvements in infrastructure that improve their competitiveness. We will write a custom essay sample on UK Competitiveness or any similar topic only for you Order Now On the other hand, investment in infrastructure is not cheap, huge sums of money has been dedicated to development projects and this money could have been spent elsewhere. The Investment In Infrastructure Is a good Idea, as It helps I-J firms become more efficient and can reduce costs, making them more nominative Increasing access to finance Is another measure that has been undertaken via the creation of the funding for lending scheme and the El ban business bank. The increased access to capital for business may lead to increased investment in improving technology, becoming more productive or growing in size. These can only help UK companies become more competitive on global markets and help increase their exports. This does encourage investment by businesses on growing and becoming more competitive but it also is not a guarantee that they will do so. Businesses may not see it as advantageous to invest at that time and may hold on to their money, having no positive effects on UK competitiveness. In addition an increased tax allowance leads to decreased tax receipts which reduces the governments income whilst is already running at a deficit and may mean it cannot spend money elsewhere. The government is undergoing the process of cutting corporation tax from 23% to 20% by 2015. This will make the UK a more attractive place to set up a business and encourages Investment Into the country. However It does mean that the UK will see reduced tax receipts which may reduce public pending as less money Is available and this will have a negative effect on competitiveness. Also, companies may decide not to invest money saved from business regulation involves removing two regulations whenever one new one is created and this helps business to develop and grow as there are fewer barriers to pass through to get things done. Also there is no cost to this policy which means that no money is taken away from other sectors or areas of spending. A negative effect of the policy is that too much deregulation could have severe negative effects on the economy, as seen by the crisis of 2008. Steps to improve the education system have begun via changes to the curriculum to promote mathematics and improve English skills, as well as improving training and increasing both the quality and the number of apprenticeships available to people in the I-J. These steps can help to improve competitiveness as if your workforce is more skilled then they will generally see a rise in productivity an increased likelihood of inward investment leading to higher efficiency. Business may develop new technology making them more competitive as result as a better educated workforce. However, there is a time lag, these measures ill take years to have an effect and may not be so desperately required in the future. Also the effect of labor costs may still mean the business invest or set up elsewhere, as cost overrides skill and this will not improve competitiveness. In conclusion, every measure has its downfalls but it is the way they are implemented and how they are regulated that decides their effectiveness. For example, investment in infrastructure cannot be set too high so that it drags from other areas and taxes should be cut to encourage investment and promote business growth but cut to a level that is beneficial for both business and the economy as a whole. How to cite UK Competitiveness, Papers

Australian Taxation Law Significance of Californian Copper

Questions: Assess the significance of EACH of the following cases for the development of Australian tax law:Californian Copper Syndicate v Harris (1904) 5 TC 159 Whitfords Beach Pty Ltd v FCT 82 ATC 4031 Myer Emporium Pty Ltd v FCT 87 ATC 4363. Answers: Assessment of significance of Californian Copper Syndicate v Harris (1904) 5 TC 159 The case study involves the issue on assessability of capital profits and realization of capital asset with respect to the property sale utilized for minerals exploitation. Accordingly, the case involved the regulations of Taxation Rulings under section 25(1) ITAA 1936 for assessing the sale of property as ordinary income or capital income[1]. The case involved the issue on sale of land as the company did not have sufficient funds to improve it for mining purpose therefore, the company sold it and realized substantial profit. The tax surveyor contended that the profit earned by the company should be assessed as ordinary income rather than capital income since the intention of the company was to earn profit from acquisition and resale of land. It was observed that the company did not have sufficient funds since the beginning therefore, sale of land for profit could not be referred as investment substitution. Besides, capital income as per the regulations under ITAA 97/36 refers to the income derives from the sale of personal assets that may be long- term or short- term[2]. In the given case study, the court observed that the taxpayer company endeavored to earn profit from the sale of acquired land in the ordinary course of business. It has been noted that the taxpayer entered in the speculative business actions by acquiring the land and sale it for profit since unavailability of fund did not occur after the acquisition of land. In addition, regulation under ITAA 97 provides that the income earned by way of speculative business transaction is regarded as ordinary business income rather than capital income and hence the same should be included in the taxable income[3]. Accordingly, the present case study provides emphasis on the consideration of profit earned from the speculative business as many taxpayers enter such business transaction and consider the income as capital income so that it is not included in the assessable income. As capital income is not included in the assessable income of and taxed separately at relatively lower rate, taxpayers enters into the transaction of sale of property with the intention of earning profit and assess the same as capital income. Therefore, judgment of the present case clarifies the difference in assessment of capital income and ordinary income in accordance with the regulations of ITAA 97. Assessment of significance of Whitfords Beach Pty Ltd v FCT 82 ATC 4031 The present case study incorporates the issue on assessability on the capital income or ordinary income of the taxpayer considering the regulations under section 25(1) or section 26(a), ITAA 97/36[4]. Facts of the case involved a group of company formed by fishermen who owned entire securities of the assessee company. It was considered that the company acquired a piece of land close the shacks, which was owned by the fishermen providing them the authority to use the beach. However, the company together with three other development organizations subdivided the land for the purpose of sale during the year 1967. The company also acquired the shares of fishermen for a value of $1.6 million and changed the land zone for developing it for the purpose of residence subdivision and disposed off for profit. Accordingly, the taxpayer company considered the profit on sale of land as capital income contending that the sale proceeds realized from the capital asset. On the contrary, Commissioner of tax assessed the income from sale of land as ordinary income under section 25(1) ITAA 36 stating that the income had been realized from the business of development of land. Accordingly, high court contended that the transaction on sale of land cannot be considered as capital transaction since the activities on land constituted land development business while the purpose of sale of land was to earn profit. Moreover, capital transaction as per ITAA 97/36 refers to the transfer of capital asset that has not been used to carry business and the purpose of sale of asset is not to earn profit. Similar to case of Scottish Australian Mining Co Ltd v FC of T (1950) 81 CLR 188 it was held that the income from sale of land derived after the mining business was given up by the taxpayer[5]. Besides, in case of present situation, sale of land took place during the continuation of business with the purpose of constituting commercial venture. Therefore, it can be said the assessment of income under capital transaction should be considered only when the purpose is not to earn profit together as well as the transaction should not be conducted as commercial transaction. The present case study provides understanding on assessment of income from property to be classified as ordinary income or capital income. It provides emphasis on considering the purpose of sale of property that should not be conducted as for conducting business or for development of business activities[6]. Assessment of significance of Myer Emporium Pty Ltd v FCT 87 ATC 4363 The given case study involves the issues on assessment of income amounted to $45,370,000 as ordinary income or capital income during the taxable year 1981. In case of Myer Emporium Pty Ltd. the significance of assessment cannot be appreciated completely since there were several decisions that covered the concept of substance over form for assessing the income as ordinary income under section 25(1), ITAA 36 or as capital income under ITAA 36. The present case constituted the taxability of income from isolated transaction that the taxpayer contended as capital income instead of ordinary income[7]. Federal court of Australia held and decided that the income amounted to $45,370,000 received by Myer Emporium can be regarded as ordinary income instead of capital income since the income was derived from the transaction from ordinary course of business. The case was similar to the decision in Ruhamah Property Co Ltd v FC of T in which the court held that the income from sale of property can be assessed as ordinary income since the purpose of the taxpayer was to earn profit[8]. However, the Myer Emporium did not agree to the decision stated by the Federal Court of Australia and appealed to the Supreme Court contending that the income to be assessed as capital income as it has been derived by transferring a property. The present case incorporates the concept of statutory declaration that has been accepted under the Australian Law, which consists the income from property under business operations[9]. As the case incorporates, the consideration received as interest for the purpose of loan received by the taxpayer against the assignment for moneys under a contract entered with Citicorp. It was observed that the intention of earning income was to earn profit from the ordinary course business hence; it cannot be assessed as capital income under the regulation of ITAA 97/36. Federal law of Australia provides clear concept on assessment of profits from property transfer and isolated transactions, which is essential to be considered by the taxpayers[10]. Accordingly , the present states the clarification on assessing the income that derives as interest income under an agreement is an income under ordinary course of business. Analysis of introduction of capital gain tax diminished the importance of the cases Federal Commission of Australian Taxation Office introduced tax on the income derived from sale of capital assets and property, which impose tax liability at special rates. The government of Australia introduced tax on capital gains to comply the principles of equality and economic with respect to generate revenue in appropriate manner. Considering the issues of the above mentioned cases, it was observed that the taxpayers used to assess the income from sale of properties or any isolated transactions as capital income so that their tax liability can be minimized. It was due to consideration of assessable income derived from ordinary course of business while capital income was exempted to include as taxable income as per the regulations of ITAA 36[11]. Accordingly, taxpayers used to take advantage contending several transactions as capital asset transfer instead of assessing as ordinary income under section 25(1) in order to save the amount of tax liability. The above three cases considered the matter of assessment of income from sale of land by the taxpayers as part of conducting business for development of land and other commercial purpose. On the other hand, capital gain tax introduced by the Australian Taxation System to assess the income from the sale of capital asset at different rates so that the income from personal assets or collectables fall under the taxability sources[12]. Previously, taxpayers used to take advantage for the assessment of profitability as capital income to save the tax liability considering the sale of properties as capital asset transfer. Moreover, introduction of capital gain tax provides clarification on understanding the difference between capital income business income as capital income is no longer exempted[13]. Reference List Armour, P., Burkhauser, R. V., and Larrimore, J. Deconstructing income and income inequality measures: A crosswalk from market income to comprehensive income.The American Economic Review, (2013)103(3), 173-177. Ato.gov.au. Home page. [online] Available at: https://www.ato.gov.au (2017) [Accessed 1 Feb. 2017]. Austlii.edu.au. Australasian Legal Information Institute (AustLII). [online] Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/ (2017) [Accessed 1 Feb. 2017]. Cloyne, J. S., and Surico, P. Household debt and the dynamic effects of income tax changes.The Review of Economic Studies,(2017) 84(1), 45-81. Faccio, M., and Xu, J. Taxes and capital structure.Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,(2015) 50(03), 277 Howard, M., Pancak, K. A., and Shackelford, D. A. Taxes, investors, and managers: Exploring the taxation of foreign investors in US REITs.The Journal of the American Taxation Association,(2016) 38(2), 1-19. Jacob, M. Tax regimes and capital gains realizations.European Accounting Review, (2016) 1-21. Ludwig, T. Pay for Success: building on 25 years of experience with the Low Income Housing Tax Credit.Community Development Investment Review, (2013)9. Rimmer, X., Smith, J., and Wende, S. The incidence of company tax in Australia.Economic Round-up, (2014) (1), 33. Sharkey, N. C. Simplicity in the Chinese context: The categories of differential income tax treatment and their complications. InThe Complexity of Tax Simplification (2016)(pp. 45-69). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Taylor, G., Richardson, G., and Lanis, R. Multinationality, tax havens, intangible assets, and transfer pricing aggressiveness: An empirical analysis.Journal of International Accounting Research,(2015) 14(1), 25-57. Wiseman, S. A. Property or Currency: The Tax Dilemma behind Bitcoin.Utah L. Rev., (2016) 417. Ato.gov.au. Home page. [online] Available at: https://www.ato.gov.au (2017) [Accessed 1 Feb. 2017]. Austlii.edu.au. Australasian Legal Information Institute (AustLII). [online] Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/ (2017) [Accessed 1 Feb. 2017]. Jacob, M. Tax regimes and capital gains realizations. European Accounting Review, (2016) 1-21.Austlii.edu.au. Australasian Legal Information Institute (AustLII). [online] Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/ (2017) [Accessed 1 Feb. 2017]. Faccio, M., and Xu, J. Taxes and capital structure. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, (2015) 50(03), 277 Rimmer, X., Smith, J., and Wende, S. The incidence of company tax in Australia. Economic Round-up, (2014) (1), 33. Armour, P., Burkhauser, R. V., and Larrimore, J. Deconstructing income and income inequality measures: A crosswalk from market income to comprehensive income. The merican Economic Review, (2013) 103(3), 173-177. Ludwig, T. Pay for Success: building on 25 years of experi ence with the Low Income Housing Tax Credit. Community Development Investment Review, (2013) 9. Taylor, G., Richardson, G., and Lanis, R. Multinationality, tax havens, intangible assets, and transfer pricing aggressiveness: An empirical analysis. Journal of International Accounting Research, (2015) 14(1), 25-57. Sharkey, N. C. Simplicity in the Chinese context: The categories of differential income tax treatment and their complications. In The Complexity of Tax Simplification (2016) (pp. 45-69). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Howard, M., Pancak, K. A., and Shackelford, D. A. Taxes, investors, and managers: Exploring the taxation of foreign investors in US REITs. The Journal of the American Taxation Association, (2016) 38(2), 1-19.Wiseman, S. A. Property or Currency: The Tax Dilemma behind Bitcoin. Utah L. Rev., (2016) 417. Cloyne, J. S., and Surico, P. Household debt and the dynamic effects of income tax changes. The Review of Economic Studies, (2017) 84(1), 45-81.

Social Enterprise Acts to Increase Possibilities in Business

Question: Discuss about the Social Enterprise Acts to Increase Possibilities in Business. Answer: Introduction To this day, even through all the technological advancements the world has seen. We have still never seen the end of many social issues throughout the world. This is due to a gap disallowing us from achieving a world with no social issues. The concept of social enterprise acts to increase possibilities in business. This could simply mean distributing profits toward pursuing a community goal, or moving the allocation of profits from owners, to those who are at the forefront of experiencing the social problem. Or, on a larger scale, this may mean shifting perspectives and abolishing a social issue all together. This paper will analyse the importance of social enterprise by creating a business model which is based upon the foundations of social enterprise. The new business model involves creating medical centres throughout Australia, and designed with the ultimate goal of tackling the social issues of health and education in Australia and developing countries. The medical centre social enterprise is called, Australian Health Project. With the establishment of new medical centres, Australia is provided with further accessibility to health services in local communities. Developing countries will be given the social benefits. These benefits will also be explained in detail throughout the paper. A social enterprise model for education needs to contain needs to contain the following 4 elements: Accessibility; Affordability; Sustainability; Adaptability These 4 elements are the foundation of the newly created and innovative medical centres. Brief Overview of Health as a Social Issue (Luke) Through countless efforts, the basic health needs of vast numbers of the worlds people remain unsatisfied. In many countries, less than 15% of the rural population and other underprivileged groups have access to health services (Djukanovic Mach, 1975). Undoubtedly, to have 85% of people in developing countries unable to find basic health services, is much more than a social issue. Sadly, we have been able to find cures for many sicknesses and diseases, but this issue is much larger than finding cure for a sickness. With 1/3 of the world population unable to find medicines essential to health and survival (Humanium, 2016), it is the largest sickness ever seen. Sadly, though many charities, NGOs, government aid, human aid and many other efforts there are still billions of people struggling throughout the world. The Australian Health Project has the vision to ultimately eradicate all basic health issues in developing countries. Develop and Outline the Business Model (Luke) The Business Model we are creating is called the Australian Health Project. In essence, it is a medical centre, and provides Australians with essential health services to our local suburbs and communities. Over time, these centres will also extend toward rural areas throughout Australia. The health services include; GP, podiatrist, physio, optometrist and chiropractor. However, a business as simple as a medical centre, can provide significant impact to so much more than the Australian community. Through social enterprise, this business has been structured to improve lives of many in developing countries, such as in Kenya and Cambodia. Because it is a regular medical centre with approved, experienced doctors, the AMA would also give the approval of the centre. Therefore, the centres will also be bulk billed by the government for greater customer satisfaction and accessibility. The social impacts in developing countries would be created by using the profits given to by the patients at the various medical centres around Australia. As a general rule, each consultation in Australia, will give an individual in a developing country the opportunity to also receive a health check-up. While also receiving the health check-up, the doctor in the developing country will also educate the individuals or communities to administer basic first aid (similar to a Bronze Medallion/Senior First Aid Cert.). Over time, this will increase health outcomes for communities, while also educating them to administer basic first aid. Therefore, this social enterprise tackles the social issues of health and education. The social enterprise is fully sustainable. This is due to the business being based on a mutual service where one service in one country, allows for another service in another country. It all starts with the customers in Australia consciously making the decision whether they would prefer to use the services of a regular medical centre, or deciding to essentially change the world, by using the consultation to aid others in developing countries. Differentiable Business Model Blocks Customer Segments In a basic medical centre, the customer segment is; Those who need a professional diagnosis for their individual health problems. Consulting these individuals with the objective of achieving full wellbeing. In the Australian Health Project, it has this exact customer segment, while also expanding to those customers in developing countries. This segment includes those communities in developing countries who are in need of health check ups and health education. It is important to note that a social enterprise, such as the Australian Health Project, does have the same customer segment (and more) to a regular medical centre. This clearly conveys that the social enterprise also operates like a normal business with very little limitation in comparison to a regular business. Value Proposition This social enterprise has further value added for each customer in Australia because they know that through their consultation with their GP etc., they are helping those in developing countries with health to the individuals who need it the most. Having an extended value proposition such as this, increases the breadth of the customer segment and debatably the market share. This is due to the customer consciously choosing the social enterprise over a normal medical centre because they know they are directly helping those in developing countries. Key Resources The Australian medical centres will need resources such as medical equipment, doctors, medical professionals and receptionists. With the added social enterprise aspects of the Australian Health Project, the added key resources include the resources necessary to create a program in developing countries. This includes; qualified doctors, medical equipment, supervisors and project managers. Key Activities In the Australian medical centres, the key activities will be for doctors and medical professionals to consult and provide Australians with health information. The added social enterprise activities includes executing the key resources into the developing countries. Justify the Business Model (Christine) In developed countries, if you ask anyone what the two most important aspects of having a good life are, the general answer would be having food and good health. In developing countries, the latter is often the one that is overlooked mainly because the vast majority of the population simply do not have free access to doctors/medical staff. Sadly, in many cases, due to poverty, medical treatment is not readily accessible. According to the World Health Organisation, infectious disease affects some 3 billion people in the less developed world. In many developing countries, many people do not have access to immunisation which causes health problems for babies and toddlers. Simple ailments such as diarrhoea and dehydration in children go untreated and sadly in most cases, result in death. Diarrhoeal diseases cause illness and death among children younger than 5 years in low-income countries (Kotloff, 2013) Another issue in surrounding health in developing countries that is often coupled with poverty is lack of knowledge. For example, as we know performing CPR does save lives, however, lack of knowing how to administer CPR does result in death, this is where the Australian Health Project steps in to provide some valuable information and will be able to demonstrate the importance of administering first aid. Not only will the Australian Health Project be teaching basic skills, but it will also teach a valuable lesson in saving lives should the need arises. This social enterprise business model focuses on health care, something that is so important to the health, wellbeing and longevity of everyone. The Australian Health Project is paramount in preventing the loss of lives through medical treatment. In communities where access to medical staff is not so readily available, the Australian Health Project will ensure that medical assistance will be provided. People with chronic diseases spend most of their time outside of a primary health care setting. Primary health care services that establish formal linkages with their communities leverage untapped resources and help to ensure healthy and facilitative environments for people, especially elderly people living with chronic diseases. (Farmer, 2001) In a lot of aspects, The Australian Health Project will become critical to children, the company will play a key role in preventing illness associated with lack of immunisation which will substantially help in preventing child mortality, additionally, parents can be educated about the importance of childhood immunisation As highlighted, there are many factors that contribute the untimely death of many. By providing the medical attention many need, the rate of mortality will be decreased, communities will be more inclined to offer help to others after acquiring knowledge on how to administer first aid. Medication will be readily available, people do not have to wait for the next round of volunteers to fly in and hope their community will be seen to, doctors will be readily available to treat anything that is unwell. The Australian Health Project will be paramount to saving so many lives and ultimately ensuring people have a healthier life with readily available medical treatment Identifying Challenges (Steve) Setting up and running a new enterprise, whether socially based or a traditional for-profit business, presents the entrepreneur with many challenges. The Australian Health Project is no exception to this rule. For the purposes of this paper three major challenges will be identified and defined. The next section Overcoming Challenges will suggest strategies that will endeavour to address these challenges. The three challenges identified for this paper are: Financing the enterprise. Attracting personnel Creating a marketing strategy. Finance Having a mission to change the third world through better health practices and education that are financed through the Australian Health Project clinics is an exciting concept which, will remain a concept if financing the operation from conception through to maturity isnt taken into account and planned for. Attracting traditional investors to finance an enterprise that offers low profits compensated by the promise of social impact may be difficult. According to Bugg-Levine, Kogut and Kulatilaka. (2012) The social value of supplying affordable healthcare to poor people is important, however, low financial returns to investors can be problematic. This has been aptly demonstrated by President Obamas Affordable Care Act (ACA), which endeavours to provide affordable health services to poorer people in one of the richest countries in the world. The ACA has been dogged by controversy since its inception largely based on disagreements regarding how to finance health care to the poor. (Althou gh the ACA isnt a social enterprise it does serve to highlight the complexities associated with financing health projects). Attracting Personnel As with any enterprise building the right team to move the venture forward is crucial. Attracting competent team members who fit the enterprises culture, work ethic and mission is standard to any organisation, however, the social enterprise must do this in an environment of scarce resources, high flexibility and often low financial rewards. Harris and Kor. (2013) note that, attracting and retaining staff to social enterprise presents many challenges, overcoming these challenges will be crucial to a social enterprise's mission and survival. Creating a Marketing Strategy Having the best service in the world that no-one knows about is a guaranteed path to failure. Once the business model has been built, financing secured and a good team assembled, relationships need to be established with customers who will purchase the services in Australia and with the beneficiaries who will receive the services in the targeted third world countries. Limited marketing budgets will often exclude social enterprises from mainstream media options such as Television and Radio. The social enterprise will need to carefully analyse the markets they serve, the consumer and beneficiaries of their services and formulate a targeted strategy that aims to build long term beneficial relationships with all stakeholder groups. Overcoming Challenges (Steve) Finance In order to consider the funding requirements of Australian Health Project, the enterprises life-cycle needs to be identified so that targeted funding options for each stage of cycle can be established. Seed / Startup Survival / Establishment Growth / Expansion Maturity Seed / Startup In the initial stages of a social enterprises inception there is a need to finance the research and prototyping that is required to create the business model and the product/service/value-proposition that will drive revenue creation. The problem most startups encounter is there is no proven history, track record assets or collateral that would give traditional investors, such as banks, the security they require to invest. In the seed/startup phase many enterprises will adopt a mix of options that tap into the entrepreneur's own resources and networks: The Three Fs Friends Family Fools Bootstrapping Doing many of the startups functions in-house: ie web development, social media, IT, graphic artwork etc. Self-Financing Credit cards, personal loans Grants Foundations, Government and impact minded individuals Although meagre, these methods allow the fledgling enterprise to turn the idea into a marketable product/service, start gathering the right team and identify and approach customers and beneficiaries. Survival / Establishment The Three Fs Friends Family Fools Philanthropic Organisations Program Related Investments (PRIs) Finite funding for a specific project. i.e. motor vehicle purchase These methods allow the venture to begin to refine their offering, establish a market share, conserve precious capital, build internal infrastructure and cement relationships with customers and beneficiaries. Growth / Expansion Traditional Debt Bank Loans Credit Union Loans Credit Card Finance Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFI) At this stage of development the Australian Health Project will be relatively established, with formal accounting procedures, IT and HR systems in place. A track record is beginning to build as well as collateral and capital is growing. This stage requires more team building and opposition / competition needs to be addressed. Maturity With an established foothold in the market, the mature Australian Health Project hopefully has a track record of proven sales to customers, a history of impact and value to the beneficiaries and a proven revenue stream, cash flow and dividends for all stakeholders. The enterprise should be able to self finance items like payroll, loan servicing and utilities etc. via its own working capital. Long term debt in the form of Bank loans may be advantageous to enable the purchase of new facilities or capital equipment. There may also be the option of raising capital by floating The Australian Health Project on the Stock exchange via an Initial Public Offering (IPO). Attracting Personnel During the stages of growth detailed in the last section the team at The Australian Health Project will need to be focusing on creating a viable team of professionals and volunteers that will become not only team members but also Australian Health Project advocates and mouth pieces, the value of this development will be discussed in the following sections. A key strategy will be to guide the Australian Health Project into becoming strong team focussing on the three types of capital that relate to the team: Human Capital Referring to the workforce and stakeholders of the Australian Health Project Bonding Social Capital The relational ties within the Australian Health Project Bridging Social Capital Important links external to the Australian Health Project If the Australian Health Project nurtures a high degree of Social Capital, both bonding and bridging, the organisation will attract volunteers, donors and champions driving shared value and forming the enterprise into a Charismatic Organisation. Charismatic Organisations aim is to instigate and nurture their social capital in two ways: THe first way is a strong organisational core (Bonding Social Capital) and the second is to reach out to create a strong network (Bridging Social Capital) Sagawa Jospin. (2009) Strong Core. Mission-driven motivation Can-do culture Data-driven decision making Purposeful innovation People-focused management Strong Network Compelling communications Active outreach Meaningful involvement The development of a Charismatic Orginisation that builds bonding and bridging Social Capital into its DNA will create an environment for all stakeholders to be aspirational in regards to their role in the organisation, have the avenue to have their say and express their opinion in regards to organisational issues and direction, Join in with company rituals and celebrations and turning each stakeholder into and advocate and spokesperson for the Australian Health Project in their community and beyond. Creating a Marketing Strategy Haven Products (https://www.havenproducts.co.uk) was established in Scotland as a social enterprise in 1946. Their mission is to create real and sustainable jobs for people living with disabilities. In many ways Havens journey reflects the strategies discussed in this paper. The reason for including Haven as an example for a marketing strategy is because of their ethos when it comes to achieving their mission. Following the Theory of Change, Haven has clearly understood that to achieve the Outcome of real and sustainable jobs their Outputs (Products/Services) need to be of a consistently high quality and value. Its the quality, price, timeliness and customer experience that keeps bringing the customer back and, in-turn, allows the enterprise to achieve their missional goal of real jobs. The Australian Health Project will be operating in a very competitive arena where Federal and State Governments as well as private medical practices dominate the market. It will be essential for the enterprise to create an offering and value proposition whose quality, price, timeliness and customer experience is of sufficient gravity to attract customers away from existing services thus allowing The Australian Health Project to achieve its stated mission of providing health care and education to its target beneficiaries. A marketing strategy needs to be informed by good information and establish strong communication channels:. Understanding the Target Audience Size of the target - how many people will realistically become clients Structure - Key demographics, socio-economic status, gender, age etc. Trends - What is popular re. Health care now, what will be popular in the future Needs and Characteristics - Obstetrics, Chiropractic, Physio ect. Unique Selling Proposition What is offered that sets The Australian Health Project apart Efficiency - better price and service Leadership - cutting edge technology Audience Intimacy - Creating a close relationship with clients Communication Is The Australian Health Project getting their message out to the community Healthcare that helps you and in-turn people from poorer countries get benefits as well Storytelling (a key outcome of the Charismatic Organisation) Every stakeholder of The Australian Health Project excited, properly informed and telling everyone they meet about the great impact The Australian Health Project has achieved. On the beneficiary side of the marketing task, there needs to be a Bottom of the Pyramid (BoP) approach to creating the product and value proposition that will meet the needs of and be culturally sensitive to the beneficiary market that has been targeted. Prahalad (2012) Conclusion This paper analyzed the importance of social enterprise through the creation of a business model based upon the social enterprise foundation. The business model included customer segments, value proposition, identification of key resources and activities. After justifying the selected business model, three key challenges were identified, which included financing the enterprise, attracting the personnel and creating a marketing strategy. To overcome these challenges, appropriate implications has also been provided in this paper. For the finance related issue, the enterprise should identify the targeted funding options for each stage of enterprises life cycle. For the next issue, it has been suggested that building a strong core, a strong network and meaningful involvement, potential personnel can be attracted. To resolve the third issue, some strategies like understanding the target audience, unique selling proposition, establishing strong communication channels and sharing informatio n with the stakeholders would be beneficial for the enterprise. Moreover, it has been interpreted that a bottom of the pyramid approach can be implemented for creating value proposition, which would meet the needs of targeted audience and the enterprise would be able to address the culturally sensitive aspects of the project. This assignment would help the marketer to develop a sustainable social enterprise.

American History Critical Analysis free essay sample

History Critical Analysis In the story American History the character Elena seems to be very studious and an innocent girl but deep down she is very insecure and ashamed of various aspects in her life. Her character traits seem to constantly relate back to the embarrassment she feels of herself. She has plans for her future which seems to be her only worry until Eugene moves in next store. Elena is a very intelligent young girl and a hard worker when it comes to her school and education. Although her grades are high, she still cannot be placed in honors classes because English isnt her first language. Eugene was in honors classes for all his subjects, classes that were not open to me because English was not my first language, though I was a straight A student (Cofer 34). Elena has a hidden longing to excel in school and better herself with her classes and education. We will write a custom essay sample on American History Critical Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This is very important to her because she wants to be successful so that she can eventually leave El Building. But since she cannot due to her culture and language, it holds her back from doing her best to strive for the goals and high standards that she has set for herself. Elena is not very expressive she seems to keep to herself often and not show her inner emotions as easily as some do when they open themselves up publicly. Elena expresses her insecurities in a concealed way, she doesnt seek for attention or compliments to help feel better about herself. I hated my skinny flat chested body, and I envied the black girls who could jump rope so fast that their legs became a blur (33). Elena has a low self esteem especially with her appearance and capabilities to achieve, she has a lack of confidence which leads her to be very self judging. Most of Elenas time was spent either at school or in her room of El Building. Elena had a fire escape in her room which was right above her neighbors house. I had a view of their kitchen and their backyard, and though I could not hear what they said, I knew when they were arguing, when one of them was sick, and many other things (33). She would take close notice to her neighbors and became infatuated with the way that they lived. I could see his place from my window in El Building. In fact, if I sat on the fire escape I was literally suspended above Eugenes backyard (33). Elena felt like she became part of their family without them knowing, she would watch them and feel this way because she does want to live in a normal home, like her neighbors do. She doesnt specifically say she wishes to be or live like them but her fascination shows her secretly wanted life style that she cannot have. The way she lives, in El Building isnt the same as living in a private and quiet house. Elena has too much pride for her family to ever actually share her slight embarrassment towards the fact that she lives in El Building. Elena not only is embarrassed but also ashamed of herself and where she lives. El Building wasnt the prettiest sight according to Elena, I thrust my books out a silly gesture that embarrassed me almost immediately. You live there? ; She pointed to El Building which looked particularly ugly, like a gray prison with its dirty windows and rusty fire escapes (38). She doesnt necessarily have to say that she doesnt like living in El building she just hints toward her disliking for it. The light through the large kitchen window of his house told me that El Building blocked the sun to such an extent that they had to turn lights on in the middle of the day. I felt ashamed about it. She even says that she doesnt plan to stay in El Building, As for me, I was going to go to college and become a teacher (35). Shes got her mind set on getting out of El Building to somewhere that fits her standards, which is why she wants to succeed. Once Elena is on her own, doing what she enjoys, in her home of choice, it could potentially be more satisfying for herself. Elena should feel more accomplished rather than ashamed or embarrassed when that time comes. Elenas insecurities do get the best of her which makes her more of a pessimist later in the story. I was ready to for rejection, snobbery, the worst (34). She always seems to think the worst of situations because of her insecurities and self judgement. She has become quite use to being made fun of by the other girls in her school. Therefor, when meeting Eugene she expected the same treatment from Eugene. Elenas low self esteem issues play a part in how she expects to be treated by others. Its a given that she is embarrassed of herself, so when people as nice as Eugene come along she was surprised by his kindness because its not something she is use to. Elena is envious of some of the other girls in her school who are capable of doing things that she is not, such as jump rope. I envied the black girls who could jump rope so fast that their legs became a blur (33). She wished to be more like these girls because she is too insecure about herself and her body. Since she cares what these girls think of her, when they make fun of her for not being able to do what they do, she is hurt and probably feels worse about herself. Elena starts to lower her self esteem when hurtful things are said to her because shes embarrassed of herself and inability to do things that others can. Elenas innocence is shown all throughout the story. She is a very sensitive girls whos feelings are easily hurt. I felt burning on my cheeks and then my glasses fogged up so that I could not manage to coordinate the jump rope with Gail. She lets minor things get to her and make her emotional. But the tears that came up from a deep place inside me were strictly for me (38) Elena however is not emotional for the death of her president but for the embarrassing encounter she went through with Eugenes mother. When Elena is put it in a bad personal situation she becomes maudlin. Elena is too young and immature to understand the importance of the death of her president, but she doesnt know any better because of her age. At this point she could only be emotional over her own personal issues. Though I wanted to feel the right way about President Kennedys death, I could not fight the feeling of elation that stirred in my chest (37). She doesnt know the difference between what should be considered important and what should not because her embarrassment towards many different things doesnt give her a clear outlook as to what she really should be worried about when she is worrying in her head, about her personal self. Hence, Elena is a brilliant young girl with hidden insecurities that get the

Free Essays on Man and Machine

Visual Analysis Paper For this assignment I chose to do the paper on Man and Machine. This is a painting that was a huge mural that was located in the Detroit Institute of Art. In the early 1930’s, Edsel Ford hired Diego Rivera to paint tis massive mural on the marble walls. Man and Machine shows a factory and the hard-working men that work in it everyday. In the front of the mural are a diverse group of men on a line. They strain and their arms are flexed as they are hard at work trying to get their job done. Behind them it extends into the rest of the factory. Thelarge machines, compared to the size men that run them. On the level above are a couple more men and the fire burning energy source for the factory. This is one of Rivera’s most popular works of art that is presented in a public place. This way it has a huge impact on everyone, even ordinary people. The large-scale piece of work uses color, linear perspective, and implied motion to get an idea across. Rivera wanted to emphasize the lives being sacrificed in factories in order for the growth of technology. The artwork is almost like a cartoon with its exaggerated size of machines and the unique facial expressions of the men. When one looks at the artwork their eyes are immediately drawn to the focal point which is the men in front. They stand out compared to the silver of the machines in the background. The relationship between man and machine in the 1930’s is depicted as being hard and almost like a war between man and machines. The use of color in this piece really helps to define the content. The dull colors, the grays, navy blues, and off-whites of the uniforms the men are wearing blend in with the machines. Blending the colors shows that the men in the factory didn’t really have an identity while they were there. They were thrown together within the factory and worked as one in order to get the job done. This â€Å"blending† of grays, ... Free Essays on Man and Machine Free Essays on Man and Machine Visual Analysis Paper For this assignment I chose to do the paper on Man and Machine. This is a painting that was a huge mural that was located in the Detroit Institute of Art. In the early 1930’s, Edsel Ford hired Diego Rivera to paint tis massive mural on the marble walls. Man and Machine shows a factory and the hard-working men that work in it everyday. In the front of the mural are a diverse group of men on a line. They strain and their arms are flexed as they are hard at work trying to get their job done. Behind them it extends into the rest of the factory. Thelarge machines, compared to the size men that run them. On the level above are a couple more men and the fire burning energy source for the factory. This is one of Rivera’s most popular works of art that is presented in a public place. This way it has a huge impact on everyone, even ordinary people. The large-scale piece of work uses color, linear perspective, and implied motion to get an idea across. Rivera wanted to emphasize the lives being sacrificed in factories in order for the growth of technology. The artwork is almost like a cartoon with its exaggerated size of machines and the unique facial expressions of the men. When one looks at the artwork their eyes are immediately drawn to the focal point which is the men in front. They stand out compared to the silver of the machines in the background. The relationship between man and machine in the 1930’s is depicted as being hard and almost like a war between man and machines. The use of color in this piece really helps to define the content. The dull colors, the grays, navy blues, and off-whites of the uniforms the men are wearing blend in with the machines. Blending the colors shows that the men in the factory didn’t really have an identity while they were there. They were thrown together within the factory and worked as one in order to get the job done. This â€Å"blending† of grays, ...